The questions and the following answers will be part of an in class test and our final exam.
The Body: Respiration Name
Respiration:
Suffocate:
Dilate:
1.Respiration benefits every cell in the body by supplying it with ______________________ and preventing the body from _____________________________________ in carbon dioxide.
2.The air we breathe normally contains 79% ________________________
20% ________________________ and 1% other gases.
3.Burning wood is called combustion – for combustion to occur fuel and oxygen are needed. The result is energy in the form of fire.
4.Our bodies combine food molecules – primarily ________________________ or ________________________ – with oxygen in a very slow ‘burning’ process - often referred to as our ________________________ - to produce the energy we need.
5.A fire’s combustion and our bodies metabolism give off waste gases – mainly ________________________ ________________________.
6.Every living cell in our body needs ________________________ – some more than others: for example bone uses less than muscles.
7.Small ________________________ ______________________creatures allow oxygen to pass into their bodies directly through their outer membrane and they allow carbon dioxide to exit the body the same way.
8.A flat worm (normally measuring about 1 cm x 6 cm x 2 mm) is the _______________________ creature to get all of its oxygen needs through its ‘skin’. Larger animals have developed more complicated methods.
The mechanics of respiration
9.By expanding our ________________________ and/or lowering our ________________________ we create a vacuum in our chest. Air rushes into fill the vacuum. When we relax the air ________________________ of the lungs.
10. Air travels down the ________________________________________________ or trachea and the branches either right or left into the lungs. These branches are called ________________________.
11. Inside the bronchia the air is ________________________ and ________________________.
12. In the bronchia there are “mucus secreting ducts.” The ________________________ helps trap dust and other pollutants before it reaches the lungs.
13. Some of the cells in the bronchia walls have tiny ________________________ -like structures that beat the mucus layer upwards and foreign particles that might harm the lungs are moved upwards and out of the lungs to the ________________________ where they can be disposed of.
14. Wandering cells inside the lung passages seek out and destroy harmful ________________________.
15. As the bronchia move deeper into the lungs and branch out and become narrower and narrower. The smallest tubes are about ________________________ of a inch thick – the width of a human hair – and they end at individual spherical chambers called ________________________.
16. Each ________________________ is surrounded by a network of blood cells and it is here that oxygen ________________________ the blood and carbon dioxide ________________________ the blood.
17. It is the ________________________ ________________________ cells that transport the oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
18. Each blood cell contains ________________________ that absorbs oxygen where it is plentiful in the lungs and dumps the carbon dioxide it collected in the body. In other parts of the body, the ________________________ releases the oxygen and collects carbon dioxide.
19. Our brain is always monitoring the level of carbon dioxide in the blood and when the level is high it triggers signals to the chest and diaphragm to ________________________. These signals can be interrupted by disease, toxins and electrical shock – the result can be death by ________________________.
20. Air exiting our body can make sound by causing the ___________________________chords in our neck to vibrate. We can control the tightness of the chords and so control the quality of the sound they produce.
21. When going from rest to highly strenuous activities – our body will bring _____________ times more air to meet the needs of the body.
22. When our need for more oxygen ________________________, our rate of breathing and our heart rate ________________________ 2 or 3 times, (60 beats per minute to 120 or 180) to meet the needs of our body under stress. To allow blood to flow freely, blood vessels ________________________.
Respiration: the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cells
Suffocate: to suffer from a shortage of oxygen quickly leading to death.
Dilate: to expand or enlarge - get larger
1. oxygen suffocating
2. 79% nitogen 20% oxygen
3.
4. sugar or carbohydrates metabolism
5. carbong dioxide
6. oxygen
7. one-celled creatures
8. largest
9. chest diaphragm
10. windpipe bronchae
11. warmed moistened
12. mucus
13. hair-like throat
14. bacteria
15. one twentieth alveolus
16. alveolus enters leaves
17. red blood
18. hemoglobin hemoglobin
19. breathe suffocation
20. vocal
21. 25
22. increases increases dilate
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